JSON or JavaScript Object Notation is a lightweight text-based open standard designed for human-readable data interchange. Conventions used by JSON are known to programmers which include C, C++, Java, Python, Perl etc.
- JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation.
- This format was specified by Douglas Crockford.
- This was designed for human-readable data interchange
- It has been extended from the JavaScript scripting language.
- The filename extension is .json
- JSON Internet Media type is application/json
- The Uniform Type Identifier is public.json
Uses of JSON
- It is used when writing JavaScript based application which includes browser extension and websites.
- JSON format is used for serializing & transmitting structured data over network connection.
- This is primarily used to transmit data between server and web application.
- Web Services and API.s use JSON format to provide public data.
- It can be used with modern programming languages.
Characteristics of JSON
- Easy to read and write JSON.
- Lightweight text based interchange format
- Language independent.
Simple Example in JSON
Example shows Books information stored using JSON considering language of books and there editions:
{
"book": [
{
"id":"01",
"language": "Java",
"edition": "third",
"author": "Herbert Schildt"
},
{
"id":"07",
"language": "C++",
"edition": "second"
"author": "E.Balagurusamy"
}]
}
After understanding the above program we will try another example, let's save the below code asjson.htm:
<html>
<head>
<title>JSON example</title>
<script language="javascript" >
var object1 = { "language" : "Java", "author" : "herbert schildt" };
document.write("<h1>JSON with JavaScript example</h1>");
document.write("<br>");
document.write("<h3>Language = " + object1.language+"</h3>");
document.write("<h3>Author = " + object1.author+"</h3>");
var object2 = { "language" : "C++", "author" : "E-Balagurusamy" };
document.write("<br>");
document.write("<h3>Language = " + object2.language+"</h3>");
document.write("<h3>Author = " + object2.author+"</h3>");
document.write("<hr />");
document.write(object2.language + " programming language can be studied " +
"from book written by " + object2.author);
document.write("<hr />");
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
JSON - Syntax
Let's have a quick look on JSON basic syntax. JSON syntax is basically considered as subset of JavaScript syntax, it includes the following:
- Data is represented in name/value pairs
- Curly braces hold objects and each name is followed by ':'(colon), the name/value pairs are separated by , (comma).
- Square brackets hold arrays and values are separated by ,(comma).
Below is a simple example:
{
"book": [
{
"id":"01",
"language": "Java",
"edition": "third",
"author": "Herbert Schildt"
},
{
"id":"07",
"language": "C++",
"edition": "second"
"author": "E.Balagurusamy"
}]
}
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